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Publications

In addition to the books I have edited and contributed to, I have also published the following articles in journals, magazines and conference proceedings. Links to pdf versions of the papers are given, where possible. The linked versions may be formatted in a different style to the printed versions.

    2011

  • R. Carvel, T. Steinhaus, G. Rein, J.L. Torero "Determination of the flammability properties of polymeric materials: A novel method" Polymer Degradation and Stability Vol 96 (2011) pp. 314-319. doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.08.010

    2010

  • J.L. Torero, L.A. Bisby, G. Rein, R. Carvel and C. Abecassis Empis "A Evolucao Ciclica da Engenharia de Seguranca Contra Incendio" Proteger Magazine (Portugal) Issue 9, Oct-Dec 2010, pp. 44-47.
  • J.L. Torero, L.A. Bisby, G. Rein and R.Carvel "Fired Up" MADE Magazine, Issue 3.10, Nov 2010, pp. 36-39. ISSN 1753-2973.
  • F. Colella, G. Rein, R. Carvel, P. Reszka, J.L. Torero "Analysis of the ventilation systems in the Dartford tunnels using a multi-scale modelling approach", Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol 25, pp. 423-432, DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2010.02.007 [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3872]
  • R. Carvel, T. Steinhaus, J.L. Torero & G. Rein "Characterising ignition and burning properties for polymer materials containing nano-composites" Proc 6th Int Sem on Fire & Explosion Hazards (FEH6), Ed. D. Bradley, G. Makhviladze and V. Molkov, Leeds, UK, 11-16 April, 2010, pp. 632-643. ISBN: 978-981-08-7724-8
  • R. Carvel "Fire Dynamics during the Channel Tunnel Fires" Proc 4th Int Symp on Tunnel Safety & Security (ed. A Lonnermark & H. Ingason), Frankfurt am Main, Germany, March 17-19, 2010, ISBN 978-91-86319-44-1, pp. 463-470
  • F. Colella, G. Rein, V. Verda, R. Borchiellini, R. Carvel, T. Steinhaus & J.L. Torero "Design of tunnel ventilations systems for fire emergencies using multiscale modelling" Proc 4th Int Symp on Tunnel Safety & Security (ed. A Lonnermark & H. Ingason), Frankfurt am Main, Germany, March 17-19, 2010, ISBN 978-91-86319-44-1, pp. 427-438
  • F. Colella, G. Rein, R. Carvel & J.L. Torero "Tunnel Ventilation: Effectiveness in Fire Scenarios" FS-World.com Magazine, Special Issue on Tunnel Safety, Spring 2010 Edition, pp. 36-40 [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3314]

    2009

  • R Crosfield, A Cavallo, F Colella, R Carvel, JL Torero, G Rein "Travelling Distance of Droplets from Water Mist Suppression Systems in Tunnels with Longitudinal Ventilation" Advanced Research Workshop on Fire Protection and Life Safety in Buildings and Transportation Systems, Santander, Oct. 2009.
  • R Crosfield, A Cavallo, F Colella, R Carvel, JL Torero, G Rein "Approximate Travelling Distances of Water Mist Droplets in Tunnels" 9th International Water Mist Conference, London, Sept. 2009.
  • F. Colella, G. Rein, R. Borchiellini, R. Carvel, J.L. Torero, V. Verda "Calculation and design of tunnel ventilation systems using a two-scale modelling approach" Building and Environment (2009), doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.03.020 (in press) [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3006]
  • F Colella, G Rein, R Carvel, P Reszka, T Steinhaus, JL Torero "Analysis of the ventilation systems in the Dartford Tunnels using a multi-scale modelling approach" Proc. 2nd Int. Tunnel Safety Forum for Road and Rail, Lyon, Apr 2009.
  • R Carvel, G Rein, JL Torero, "Ventilation and suppression systems in road tunnels: Some issues regarding their appropriate use in a fire emergency" Proc. 2nd Int. Tunnel Safety Forum for Road and Rail, Lyon, Apr 2009. [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3517]
  • R. Carvel “What next for fire safety in the Channel Tunnel?” Rail Technology Magazine, Dec/Jan 08/09, pp. 59-62.

    2008

  • R. Carvel “Lessons Learnt from Catastrophic Tunnel Fires” Civil Engineering, Volume 161, Special Issue Two, November 2008, pp. 49-53 (Invited paper)
  • F Colella, R Borchiellini, R Carvel, G Rein, JL Torero, V Verda, "Two-scale Modelling Approach For Simulating Flows in Tunnel Fires" Proceedings of International Congress in Smoke Control in Buildings and Tunnels, Santander, Oct 2008.
  • G Rein, RO Carvel, JL Torero, Study of the Approximate Trajectories of Droplets from Water Suppression Systems in Tunnels, 3rd International Symposium on Tunnel Safety and Security, Stockholm, Mar. 2008. pp. 163-171.
  • R. Carvel "Design fires for tunnel water mist suppression systems" Proc. 3rd Int Symp. On Tunnel Safety and Security, Stockholm, Sweden, March 12-14 2008. ISBN 978-91-85829-25-5. pp. 141-148. [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3518]

    2007

  • P. Reszka, T. Steinhaus, H. Biteau, RO. Carvel, G. Rein, JL. Torero, “A Study of Fire Durability for a Road Tunnel Comparing CFD and Simple Analytical Models”, EUROTUN 2007 Computational Methods in Tunnelling, Viena, August 2007 [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1892]
  • J. Zhang, J. Hereid, M. Hagen, D. Bakirtzis, M.A. Delichatsios, A. Castrovinci, A. Fina, G. Camino, R. Carvel, J. Torero, R. Hull, S. Nazare, A. Stec, B. Biswas, S. Bourbigot, F. Samyn, C. Jama "Experimental and numerical studies of pyrolysis of polyamide nylon nanocomposites" presented at the 11th European Meeting on Fire Retardant Polymers, 2007
  • T. Steinhaus, S. Welch, R.O. Carvel and J.L. Torero "Large-Scale Pool Fires" Thermal Science, Vol. 11 (2007), No. 2, pp. 101-118 [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1539]
  • I.A Fletcher, S. Welch, J.L. Torero, R.O. Carvel and A. Usmani "Behaviour of Concrete Structures in Fires" Thermal Science, Vol. 11 (2007), No. 2, pp. 37-52 [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1538]

    2006

  • R.O. Carvel & J.L. Torero "Preliminary results quantifying the contribution of Asphalt road surfaces to fire risk in tunnel fires" Tunnel Management International, June 2006. pp. TBC.
  • R.O. Carvel & J.L. Torero "Clyde Tunnel Refurbishment: modelling the performance of the new lining system and drainage channel in the event of a fire" Proc. Int. Conf. Risk and Fire Engineering for Tunnels, Stations and Linked Underground Spaces. 19-20 April 2006, Hong Kong. Organised by Tunnel Management International. pp. 31-39. ISBN: 1 901808 25 4 [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/896]
  • R.O. Carvel & J.L. Torero "The Contribution of Asphalt road surfaces to fire risk in tunnel fires: Preliminary Findings" Proc. Int. Conf. Risk and Fire Engineering for Tunnels, Stations and Linked Underground Spaces. 19-20 April 2006, Hong Kong. Organised by Tunnel Management International. pp. 83-87. ISBN: 1 901808 25 4 [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/895]

    2005

  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard, P.W. Jowitt, and D.D. Drysdale "Fire Size and Fire Spread in Tunnels with Longitudinal Ventilation Systems" Journal of Fire Sciences, Volume 23 (2005), pp. 485-518. [http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1486]
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "Fire Spread Between Vehicles in Tunnels: Effects of Tunnel Size, Longitudinal Ventilation and Vehicle Spacing" Fire Technology, Volume 41 (2005), Issue 4, pp. 271-304.
  • R.O. Carvel “Mechanisms of fire spread between vehicle fires in tunnels” Proc. Int. Conf. on Fire Safety in Terrestrial Passenger Transportation, Santander, Spain, 20th October 2005, ISBN 84-8102-978-5, pp. 27-37.
  • A.N. Beard, R.O. Carvel & P.W. Jowitt “Modelling fire size and spread in tunnels” 8th Int. Symp. on Fire Safety Science (IAFSS), Beijing, China, September 2005, pp. 1509-1517.

    2004

  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard, P.W. Jowitt & D.D. Drysdale "The influence of tunnel geometry and ventilation on the heat release rate of a fire" Fire Technology, Volume 40 (2004) pp. 5-26.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt “The influence of longitudinal ventilation on fire spread between HGV fires in tunnels” Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Tunnel Fires and Escape from Tunnels, London, October 2004, pp. 307-319.
  • R.O. Carvel “HGV fires in tunnels: heat release rate and critical ventilation velocity” Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Tunnel Fires and Escape from Tunnels, London, October 2004, pp. 197-202.
  • R.O. Carvel & J.F. Lygate “Fire investigation using CFD: Simulations of a fire in a discotheque” Proc. 10th Int. Fire Science & Engineering Conf. (Interflam 2004), Edinburgh, Scotland, 5-7 July 2004, pp. 1207-1217.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt “The influence of longitudinal ventilation and tunnel size on HGV fires in tunnels” Proc. 10th Int. Fire Science & Engineering Conf. (Interflam 2004), Edinburgh, Scotland, 5-7 July 2004, pp. 815-820.
  • X. Bodart, G. Marlair & R.O. Carvel "Fire in road tunnels and life safety: lessons to be learned from minor accidents"Proc. 10th Int. Fire Science & Engineering Conf. (Interflam 2004), Edinburgh, Scotland, 5-7 July 2004, pp. 1517-1527.

    2003

  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "The influence of longitudinal ventilation on fire size in tunnels: Update" Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Safety in Road and Rail Tunnels, Marseille, France, 6-8th October 2003, pp. 431-440.
  • R.O. Carvel, M. Denzer, M-F. Chow, S-H. Kek, D.D. Drysdale & J.L. Torero "The fire behaviour of sandwich panels" Proc. 4th Int. Symp. on Fire and Explosion Hazards, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, 8-12th September 2003, pp. TBC.
  • R.O. Carvel, G.O. Thomas & C.J. Brown "Some observations of detonation propagation through a gas containing dust particles in suspension" Shock Waves Journal (2003) pp. TBC.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "The severity of HGV fires in tunnels" Tunnel Management International, Volume 6 (2003), Issue 2, pp. 6-10.

    2002

  • R.O. Carvel "The history and future of fire tests" Tunnels & Tunnelling International, November 2002, pp. 34-35.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "Tunnel Effect" Fire Engineers Journal / Fire Prevention, (FEJ Volume 62, No. 223 / FP No. 359) August 2002, pp. 41-43.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "HGV fires in tunnels: how severe are they and under what conditions will they spread?" Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Tunnel Fires, Basel, Switzerland, 2-4th December 2002, pp. 171-178.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "CERBERUS: A new model to estimate size and spread for fires in tunnels with longitudinal ventilation" Proc. Int. Conf. on Tunnel Safety and Ventilation - New Developments in Tunnel Safety, Graz, Austria, 8-10th April 2002, pp.69-76.

    2001

  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "A Bayesian estimation of the effect of forced ventilation on a pool fire in a tunnel" Civil Engineering & Environmental Systems, Volume 18 (2001) pp. 279-302.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard, P.W. Jowitt & D.D. Drysdale "Variation of Heat Release Rate with Forced Longitudinal Ventilation for Vehicle Fires in Tunnels" Fire Safety Journal, Volume 36 (2001) pp. 569-596.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "Fires in tunnels: a Bayesian approach" Mathematics Today, Vol. 37, No. 1 (February 2001), pp. 18-20.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "The influence of longitudinal ventilation systems on fires in tunnels" Tunnelling & Underground Space Technology, Volume 16 (2001) pp. 3-21.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "Sensible ventilation control during tunnel fire incidents" Fire Engineers Journal, Vol. 61, No. 210 (January 2001), pp. 10-12.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "A method for estimating the heat release rate of a fire in a tunnel" Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Tunnel Fires, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, 9-11th October 2001, pp. 137-144.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "How does the shape of a tunnel affect the heat release rate of a fire?" Proc. 9th Int. Fire Science & Engineering Conf. (Interflam 2001), Edinburgh, Scotland, 17-19th September 2001, pp. 1355-1360.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "How much do tunnels enhance the heat release rate of fires?" Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Safety in Road and Rail Tunnels, Madrid, Spain, 2-6th April 2001, pp. 457-466.

    2000

  • S. B. Marr, R.O. Carvel, D.T. Richens, H-J Lee, M. Linn & P. Stavropoulos "A comparison of iron and ruthenium reagents mediating Gif-IV type oxygenations on cyclohexane" Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 39 (2000) pp. 4630-4638.

    1999

  • R.O. Carvel "The effect of ventilation on fires in tunnels" International Tunnel Fire & Safety Conference, Rotterdam, NL, 2-3rd December 1999. Organised by Brisk Events. Paper number 13. (Invited presentation)
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "The effect of forced longitudinal ventilation on a pool fire in a tunnel" Proc. 8th Int. Fire Science & Engineering Conf. (Interflam ’99), Edinburgh, June 29 - July 1 1999. pp. 1267-1272.
  • R.O. Carvel, A.N. Beard & P.W. Jowitt "The effect of forced longitudinal ventilation on a HGV fire in a tunnel" Proc. Int. Conf. on Tunnel Fires, Lyon, France, May 5-6 1999. pp. 191-200.

    1996

  • R.O. Carvel, A.M. Milne, G.O. Thomas & C.J. Sands "Double fronted detonations in particle suspensions" Proc. of the 7th Int. Colloquium on Dust Detonations, Bergen, Norway, June 1996. pp. 4.15-21.

    Also these invited presentations:

  • Invited lecture "Sensible control of ventilation in the event of a fire in a tunnel" given at the Danish Fire Service Academy, Copenhagen, 18th May 2000.
  • Invited presentation: "The influence of tunnel ventilation on fire size" given at the UK Tunnel Operators Forum, Tyne Tunnel, 23rd May 2002.