Using TeX and LaTeX

This document explains the use of TeX and LaTeX on the Departmental sun machines. It is not intended to teach users how to format documents. See the section below on User Guides for more information. Please take the time to read through the entire document - it's not very long.

NOTE that TeX and LaTeX are not the departmental standard documentation systems (use mkdoc or soffice/ooffice), and the IT staff can only provide minimal help with TeX or LaTeX.

1. Getting Started

LaTeX is made available to you by the command tetexsetup. This command may be typed at the command line before each session or, if you prefer, it may be put in your startup files so you don't have to keep typing it. To do this, first find the appropriate file.

Note the dot at the beginning of the filename. Open the file in a text editor and add the line

tetexsetup

just below the comment saying "Put your own additions below this line". Save the file. You will then get access to LaTeX each time you login.

The tetexsetup command gives you access to the most recently installed LaTeX software which is based on the teTeX distribution. We still have an older installation (the one used in the former EE department) which can be accessed by using the command texsetup. This might disappear at some point in the future.

Some users will want to include one of their own directories in TEXINPUTS. If this is the case then it should be added to the environment variable after the tetexsetup command using a line such as

setenv TEXINPUTS "/home/fred/tex:$TEXINPUTS"

for tcsh users or

export TEXINPUTS="/home/fred/tex:$TEXINPUTS"

for bash users. If you don't know whether you use tcsh or bash, type

echo $SHELL

2. Usage

To run LaTeX on a file simply type

latex filename.tex

Similarly, TeX may be run on a file by typing

tex filename.tex

Running any of these commands will produce, assuming no fatal errors, a device independent (dvi) file with the extension ".dvi". This file may be previewed, or converted to PostScript. To preview a file, use the command

xdvi filename.dvi

on a workstation. This will start up a new window displaying the formatted document. The document may be converted into PostScript for printing, or previewing using ghostview, with dvips. To print the file, simply type

dvips filename.dvi | lpr -Pps5

or

dvips -Pps5 filename.dvi

using the name of your favourite PostScript printer in place of ps5. The PostScript file may also be saved by redirecting the output to a file instead of piping to a printer, i.e.

dvips filename.dvi > filename.ps

[ Note that if a particular font size is not available, dvips may take longer than normal to convert a file as it will attempt to create the font at that size. Once created, the font will be available for further invocations of dvips, and no delay will be experienced. ]

If you wish to produce 2-up or 4-up documents on ps5 or ps6, then it is suggested that you use the command

dvips -Pps5x2 filename.dvi

or

dvips -Pps5x4 filename.dvi

as this will improve the quality of the resulting output.

3. Support

The SEE IT support group don't know much about TeX/LaTeX so support is pretty minimal. We can help if there are problems with the software or you need a package installed but if you need help with using LaTeX you would be better off asking another user or consulting a user guide.

4. User Guides

The definitive guide to document writing using LaTeX can be found in "LaTeX - A Document Preparation System" written by Leslie Lamport and published by Addison Wesley. Other books on the use of LaTeX are also available; I can recommend "A Guide To LaTeX" by Kopka and Daly, also published by Addison Wesley. TeX users are directed to "The TeX Book" by Donald Knuth. A simple guide to the use of LaTeX can be found in /home/tetex/texmf/tex/latex/base/small2e.tex. A second file, in the same directory, called sample2e.tex gives more examples on usage. Copies of these files may be formatted by simply typing

latex small2e.tex

and

latex sample2e.tex

There is also a set of Web documentation for the old EE installation to be found at http://www.ee.ed.ac.uk/~ltex/